Acetonitrile: Solvent e Sebetsang le Reagent bakeng sa ho Etsoa ha Lintho tsa Tlhaho-1
Masimo a Maholo a Kopo
Tlhahlobong ea lik'hemik'hale, acetonitrile ke tharollo e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea chromatography ea metsi e sebetsang hantle (HPLC) le chromatography ea khase (GC). E na le ho qhibiliha ho hotle le viscosity e tlase, e qhalanya metsoako e fapaneng ea lintho tse phelang le tse sa pheleng hantle ho fana ka liphetho tse hlakileng tsa tlhahlobo. Acetonitrile e boetse e sebelisoa ho lokisa litharollo tse tloaelehileng le maro a ho lekanya, ho netefatsa ho nepahala le ho tšepahala ha tlhahlobo.
Ka ho kopanya lintho tse phelang, acetonitrile ke tharollo ea bohlokoa le e mahareng. E ka qhala mefuta e fapaneng ea metsoako ea tlhaho, e fana ka tikoloho e tsitsitseng bakeng sa liketso tsa lik'hemik'hale. Mohlala, ka ho kopanya metsoako e itseng ea meriana le metsoako ea monko, acetonitrile e ka sebetsa e le tharollo ho khothaletsa karabelo. Ho feta moo, acetonitrile e ka nka karolo liketsong tse itseng tsa lik'hemik'hale ho hlahisa metsoako e nang le mesebetsi e itseng. Mohlala, acetonitrile e ka feta liketsong tsa nukleophilic substitution le sehlopha sa eona sa cyano ho hlahisa metsoako e tsamaellanang ea amine kapa joala.
Indastering ea meriana, acetonitrile e sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa ho kopanya le ho hloekisa lithethefatsi. E ka qhala mefuta e fapaneng ea lintho tse etellang pele lithethefatsi le tse mahareng, e leng se thusang ho etsa hore lik'hemik'hale li sebetse hantle. Mohlala, tlhahisong ea lithibela-mafu tse itseng le meriana ea pelo le methapo ea mali, acetonitrile e ka sebetsa e le tharollo ho eketsa sekhahla sa karabelo le chai. Ho feta moo, acetonitrile e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho etsa hore lithethefatsi li kristale le ho hloekisoa ho netefatsa bohloeki le boleng ba lithethefatsi.
Indastering ea monko o monate le litlolo, acetonitrile e sebelisoa bakeng sa ho kopanya le ho hloekisa metsoako ea monko o monate. E ka sebelisoa ho ntša likarolo tsa monko oa tlhaho, joalo ka oli ea bohlokoa ho tsoa limela. Ho feta moo, acetonitrile e ka sebelisoa ho kopanya metsoako ea monko o monate ka monko o ikhethang bakeng sa litlolo tse nkhang hamonate le litlolo.
Indastering ea lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, acetonitrile e sebelisoa e le sesebelisoa sa ho hloekisa le ho qhibilihisa. E ka tlosa masalla le litšila ka katleho holim'a likarolo tsa elektroniki, e netefatsa bohloeki le ts'ebetso ea likarolo tsa elektroniki. Mohlala, tlhahisong ea semiconductor, acetonitrile e ka sebelisoa ho hloekisa bokaholimo ba li-wafer, ho tlosa masalla a photoresist le litšila tse ling.
Ho sa tsotellehe mefuta e mengata ea ts'ebeliso ea eona, acetonitrile e fetoha habonolo ebile e na le chefo, 'me tšebeliso le polokelo ea eona e hloka mehato e tiileng ea ts'ireletso. Acetonitrile e fetoha mouoane habonolo moeeng, kahoo e lokela ho sebelisoa tikolohong e nang le moea o kenang hantle. Ho feta moo, litharollo tsa acetonitrile li na le chefo e itseng, 'me lisebelisoa tse loketseng tsa tšireletso li lokela ho aparoa nakong ea ts'ebeliso ho qoba ho kopana le letlalo le mahlo. Tlhahisong ea indasteri, ts'ebeliso ea acetonitrile hangata e etsahala lits'ebetsong tse koetsoeng ho fokotsa tšusumetso ea tikoloho.
Litlhaloso
| Lebitso la Sehlahisoa | Acetonitrile | |||||||||
| Foromo ea Lik'hemik'hale | C2H3N | |||||||||
| Boima ba limolek'hule | 41.05 g/mol | |||||||||
| Ponahalo | Mokelikeli o bonaletsang o se nang 'mala | |||||||||
| Sebaka sa ho Qhibiliha | -45.7°C | |||||||||
| Sebaka sa ho bela | 81.6°C | |||||||||
| Botenya | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||||||
| NOMORO EA CAS | 75-05-8 | |||||||||
| Khoutu ea HS | 2926909090 | |||||||||
| EINECS NO | 200-835-2 | |||||||||
| Kopo | E sebelisoa ho tsoakong ea lintho tse phelang, ho ntšoa ha lintho, ho sebelisa meriana e mahareng, le tlhahlobong ea chromatographic. | |||||||||
Leqephe la Taolo ea Boleng
| Lebitso la Sehlahisoa | Acetonitrile | ||||||
| NTHO | TEKANYETSO (Boleng bo phahameng) | BOLEMO BA TEKO(%) | |||||
| Diyuniti tsa Chromaticity/HaZen | 10 | 10 | |||||
| Botenya | 0.5 | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||
| Bohloeki/%≥ | 99.9 | 99.94 | |||||
| Mongobo/%≤ | 0.030 | 0.029 | |||||
| Acetone/%≤ | 25 | 5 | |||||
| Acrylonitrile/%≤ | 25 | 5 | |||||
| Ammonia/%≤ | 6 | 1.1 | |||||
| Asiti (joalo ka asiti ea asetiki)/≤ | 50 | 1.8 | |||||
| Koporo/(mg/kg)≤ | 0.5 | 0.001 | |||||
| Tšepe/(mg/kg)≤ | 0.5 | 0.003 g/cm³ | |||||
| Sebaka sa ho belisa (ho 0.10133 MPa) °C | 81.0-82.0 | 81.6-82.0 | |||||
Ka kakaretso
Ka bokhutšoanyane, acetonitrile, e le thepa ea bohlokoa ea lik'hemik'hale tse tala le solvent ea tlhaho, e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa liindastering tse ngata. Ha e ntlafatse feela katleho le tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale empa hape e tšehetsa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea sejoale-joale. Ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji, menyetla ea ts'ebeliso ea acetonitrile e tla ba kholo le ho feta.